Abstract: NIH Funding for Dissemination and Implementation Science of Evidence-Based Adult Screening Services. (Society for Prevention Research 26th Annual Meeting)

Schedule:

Tuesday, May 29, 2018

Columbia A/B (Hyatt Regency Washington, Washington, DC)

* noted as presenting author

Isaah Vincent, PhD, AAAS S&T Policy Fellow/Health Scientist, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

Whitney Barfield, PhD, Health Scientist Administrator, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

Jennifer Villani, PhD, Health Science Policy Analyst, Office of Disease Prevention, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

Dionne Godette, PhD, Health Scientist Administrator, NIH, Office of Disease Prevention, Rockville, MD

Rachel Ballard, M.D., M.P.H., Director of Prevention Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

Carrie Klabunde, PhD, Team Lead, NIH Office of Disease Prevention, Rockville, MD

Introduction:

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) provides recommendations for clinical preventive services based on a rigorous, evidence-based, unbiased review process that evaluates benefits and harms. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the leading funder of health science research in the United States and supports several initiatives focused on the dissemination and implementation (D&I) of evidence-based practice. This work examines the extent that NIH research has focused on dissemination and implementation of adult screenings recommended by the USPSTF.

Methods:

Using iSearch, we performed a text search of human subject research grants funded by NIH in 2011-2016. We assessed grant titles, abstracts, and public health relevance for D&I terms. Our review included funded grants solicited by NIH D& I Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs) (unique projects N=4216). We excluded grants lacking screening or intervention terms and those without screening terms in proximity to D&I terms (N=3197). We used IN-SPIRE text analysis software to subdivide the final grant pool (N=1019) into 13 clinical screening services deemed high-priority by the National Commission on Prevention Priorities (NCPP) (Maciosek et al. 2017). The grants were read and classified by type of D&I research. The NCPP Clinical Preventable Burden (CPB) and Cost Effectiveness (CE) scores were assigned to the 13 clinical screening subsets. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was calculated to determine correlation between CPB or CE scores and number of grants.

Results:

NIH supported research into the dissemination and implementation of all 13 identified adult screening areas. The R01 grant mechanism supported the majority of D & I grants. Most grants addressing implementation of screening tests were funded outside of established NIH D&I FOAs (94.7%). The largest number of D&I grants pertained to screening for HIV/AIDS, depression, and alcohol misuse. Screening tests with similar clinical preventable burden (CPB) or cost-effectiveness (CE) scores did not correlate with the number of applicable grants.

Conclusions:

The NIH has a substantial investment in D&I research that is designed to increase the use of evidence-based adult screening services. The NIH D&I portfolio focuses on topics such as HIV/AIDS, depression, and alcohol use. Our examination of the mismatch between the size of the D&I grant portfolio and CPB and/or CE scores for specific types of screening services provides insights into potential research gaps. Targeted funding of D&I research for specific preventive services may help to increase appropriate use and address these gaps.

Abstract: NIH Funding for Dissemination and Implementation Science of Evidence-Based Adult Screening Services. (Society for Prevention Research 26th Annual Meeting)

78 NIH Funding for Dissemination and Implementation Science of Evidence-Based Adult Screening Services.